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High-dose nitroglycerin improves outcomes in patients with sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema (SCAPE) without significant side effects when compared to low-dose nitroglycerin.

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This secondary analysis of the STOP CP cohort study found that in isolation, using a 0/2 hour hs-cTnT rule-out protocol did not achieve a NPV ≥ 99% for 30-day cardiac death or MI (CDMI). When combined with a low risk History, ECG, Age, and Risk factor (HEAR) score, it did - but at the cost of significantly decreased efficacy (ruling out only 30.7% of patients).

Source
Performance of the 0/2-Hour hs-cTnT Accelerated Diagnostic Protocol in a Multisite United States Cohort. Acad Emerg Med. 2023 Nov 4. doi: 10.1111/acem.14827. Epub ahead of print.

Please read this announcement about upgrades to JournalFeed (CME, Amal Mattu, new website)! We also need to do a price increase due to rising costs. Price changes started Dec. 1, 2023 for new subscribers and on Jan 1, 2024 for current subscriber auto-renewals. If cost is a barrier for you, please read the announcement. We want to help! ~Clay Smith

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Liberalizing the transfusion threshold to 10 g/dL (compared to 7-8 g/dL) for patients with myocardial infarction did not improve composite outcomes of myocardial infarction or death at 30 days.  

Source
Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Myocardial Infarction and Anemia. N Engl J Med. 2023 Nov 11. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2307983. Epub ahead of print.

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A randomized trial of patients in septic shock on norepinephrine found no benefit in those treated with an infusion of landiolol (β1-blocker). The trial was stopped early for concern of potential harm in the intervention group.

Source
Landiolol and Organ Failure in Patients With Septic Shock: The STRESS-L Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2023 Nov 7;330(17):1641-1652. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.20134.

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Risk stratification of patients with asymptomatic Brugada remains a clinical dilemma and makes expectant guidance difficult. This article has demonstrated the highest risk of arrythmia in those with spontaneous type-1 BrECG (Brugada ECG) as compared to those with drug-induced-only BrECG.

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Asymptomatic Patients With Brugada ECG Pattern: Long-Term Prognosis From a Large Prospective Study. Circulation. 2023 Nov 14;148(20):1543-1555. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064689. Epub 2023 Oct 13.

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There is a nonlinear inverse dose-response trend between daily step count and all-cause death and cardiovascular disease, with progressive risk reductions starting at as few as 2500 to 2700 steps/day, independent of sex. Walking faster provided additive health benefits.

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Relationship of Daily Step Counts to All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Oct 10;82(15):1483-1494. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.07.029. Epub 2023 Sep 6.

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Both the HEART- and HET-score (using history, ECG changes, and high-sensitivity troponin) performed similarly when risk-stratifying ACS rule-out patients, but the HET-score had higher overall diagnostic accuracy.

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HEART-score can be simplified without loss of discriminatory power in patients with chest pain - Introducing the HET-score. Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Oct 1;74:104-111. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.09.037. Epub ahead of print.

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Loperamide, an over-the-counter antidiarrheal opiate, and mitragynine (kratom) are both associated with ventricular arrhythmia and death.

Source
Ventricular Arrhythmias Associated With Over-the-Counter and Recreational Opioids. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Jun 13;81(23):2258-2268. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.009.

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The STREAM-2 trial found half-dose tenecteplase was effective in treating STEMI patients ≥60, though with increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

Source
STREAM-2: Half-Dose Tenecteplase or Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Older Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized, Open-Label Trial. Circulation. 2023 Aug 29;148(9):753-764. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064521. Epub 2023 Jul 13.

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Here are ten tips from the AHA for the next super-sick poisoned patient you encounter.